Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises Characteristic Industrial Cluster, Positioning The Development Trend Of "One County, One Industry"

Small and medium-sized enterprises connect with thousands of households, which is an important force to promote innovation, promote employment and improve people's livelihood. The industrial cluster of small and medium-sized enterprises located in the county is an important part of regional economy, which is very important to promote the high-quality development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Recently, the Ministry of industry and information technology issued the Interim Measures for promoting the development of characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises (hereinafter referred to as the measures), which clearly defines the cultivation direction and identification standards of small and medium-sized enterprise characteristic industrial clusters, and proposes to identify about 200 clusters nationwide during the period of the "14th five year plan", so as to guide and support local governments to cultivate a number of provincial clusters.

Where are the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprise clusters? How to support and cultivate? Around these problems, the reporter interviewed the relevant person in charge of the SME Bureau of the Ministry of industry and information technology.

The county industrial cluster has become the backbone of industrial development.

According to the measures, the characteristic industrial cluster of small and medium-sized enterprises is an industrial cluster with strong core competitiveness, which is located within the scope of county-level division, with small and medium-sized enterprises as the main body. Why should clusters be located in counties?

County economy is the basic unit of China's national economy. According to statistics, China's County Economic GDP accounts for nearly 40% of the country's total, and the number of county household registration exceeds 60% of the total population.

Since the Ministry of industry and information technology issued the guiding opinions on further promoting the development of industrial clusters in 2015, all localities have issued special policies focusing on characteristic industrial clusters, county industrial concentration areas and massive economy, showing the development trend of "one county, one industry". According to the data, nearly 30% of the "small giant" enterprises are distributed in the county industrial clusters, and the county industrial clusters have become the backbone of China's industrial development.

Although the development trend is good, it should be noted that the high-quality development of clusters still faces some challenges. According to the relevant person in charge of the SME Bureau of the Ministry of industry and information technology, through the investigation of 10 provinces, more than 50 County clusters and nearly 1000 small and medium-sized enterprises, it is found that the following problems still exist in the industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises——

Fuzzy positioning and lack of coordination. At the same time, due to the problems such as imperfect collaborative innovation platform and insufficient function, many clusters still behave as "gathering but not clustering".

Lack of resources and service lag. At present, there is still a big gap between the services provided by County Industrial Clusters and the needs of enterprises. The lack of digital infrastructure and service resources limits the improvement of digital management level of clusters and digital transformation level of small and medium-sized enterprises.

"Promoting the cultivation of characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises can better sink high-level service resources, optimize the development environment of small and medium-sized enterprises, and make up for the inherent weakness of small scattered and weak small and medium-sized enterprises." The person in charge of the small and Medium Enterprises Bureau of the Ministry of industry and information technology said that the development of small and medium-sized enterprise characteristic industrial clusters is also conducive to promoting the rapid flow of various industrial resources, amplifying the effect of industrial cooperation, embedding the cluster into the national and even global industrial system, so as to achieve "blocking" and "filling" in the key links of the industrial chain, and enhance the toughness of the industrial chain supply chain.

Define a leading industry, and constantly consolidate the industrial foundation, gather innovation elements.

Characteristics are the core driving force for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises industrial clusters. What is the special feature of such a cluster?

"Special" is embodied in the specialization of leading industries. According to the measures, small and medium-sized enterprise clusters need to define a leading industry and constantly consolidate the industrial foundation. In some areas, the practice of creating one county, one industry, one town and one product is based on the characteristics of local resources and industrial foundation, making differentiated positioning, guiding small and medium-sized enterprises to make intensive efforts in leading industries, continuously improving the supporting capacity of cluster specialization, and promoting the upgrading of industrial base and the modernization of industry chain.

"Special" performance in the dominant industry advantage. According to the measures, small and medium-sized enterprise clusters should focus on leading industries to gather innovation elements, strengthen collaborative innovation, improve innovation platform, enhance industrial cooperation level through digital means, practice green manufacturing, form core competitiveness, and promote the industry to climb to the high end of the value chain.

It should be noted that in recent years, based on regional characteristics, resource endowment, industrial base and industrial structure, a number of relatively mature small and medium-sized enterprise characteristic industrial clusters have been formed. In Linxi, Hebei Province, the bearing industry cluster has strengthened strategic cooperation with scientific research institutes to achieve breakthroughs in medium and high-end products such as machine tool bearings and ceramic bearings. The products are exported to more than 90 countries and regions in Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States; Ye County, Henan Province, relying on the leading enterprise Pingmei Shenma Group, established the nylon New Material Industry Research Institute, which effectively promoted the integration and development of large and medium-sized enterprises and the collaborative innovation of production, teaching, research and application.

"The selection of characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises should be based on promoting the specialized and special development of China's small and medium-sized enterprises and upgrading the modernization level of the industrial chain, focusing on creating a good development environment for small and medium-sized enterprises and improving the professional supporting capacity of key links of the industrial chain supply chain." The relevant person in charge of the SME Bureau of the Ministry of industry and information technology said that in the next step, the specific selection and identification will be carried out from the following aspects: strong core competitiveness, obvious gradient cultivation effect of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, efficient industrial chain supply chain cooperation, strong collaborative innovation ability, initial effect of digital transformation, high level of green development, and active participation in industrial opening and cooperation.

Guide local governments to issue special support policies, gather market-oriented service resources, and form a new development model.

Identification is the means and cultivation is the key. According to the measures, during the 14th Five Year Plan period, about 200 characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises will be identified nationwide. How to support and promote the development and cultivation of clusters after the identification work is completed?

"Through the combination of government guidance and market leadership, we should take various measures to cultivate cluster development." The relevant person in charge of the small and Medium Enterprises Bureau of the Ministry of industry and information technology said that on the one hand, through policy publicity and implementation, local governments should make overall plans for the industrial cluster layout of small and medium-sized enterprises based on the actual work situation, issue special support policies, and strengthen the support for cluster development in finance, finance, industry, land and talents. On the other hand, we should stimulate the vitality of market players, gather market-oriented service resources, and form a new cluster development mode of multi-party co construction, joint discussion and governance, risk sharing and benefit sharing through mechanism innovation.

"The root of the survival and development of small and medium-sized enterprises' characteristic industrial clusters lies in industry. If there is no industry, there will be no cluster; if there is no specialized and strong industry, there will be no superior and strong cluster." Yang Jianjun, vice president of China Institute of electronic technology standardization, said that to cultivate small and medium-sized enterprise characteristic industrial clusters, it is necessary to accurately locate the leading industry of the cluster, enhance the characteristic advantages of the leading industry, promote the digital upgrading of the industry, increase the construction of innovation platform, smooth the internal and external cooperation network of the cluster, and continuously promote the gradient cultivation of high-quality small and medium-sized enterprises, Continuously improve the competitiveness of cluster industry.

In order to prevent the blind development and convergence phenomenon that may appear in the process of cluster construction in some regions, the measures also makes corresponding normative requirements and guidelines to guide the healthy and sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprise characteristic industrial clusters.

The Measures stipulate that the three-year development plan for the characteristic industrial clusters of small and medium-sized enterprises shall be formulated as the basic condition for the recognition, which will effectively coordinate the industrial development direction of the clusters. According to Yang Jianjun's analysis, the cluster needs to combine the industrial development situation and its own development foundation, clarify the development goals, take customized and effective working measures, comprehensively enhance the core competitiveness of the leading industry, so as to develop into an industry benchmark with different characteristics and modes.

In addition, the measures also put forward the requirements of establishing a dynamic cluster management and tracking monitoring mechanism. According to reports, in the next step, the Ministry of industry and information technology will organize the competent departments of small and medium-sized enterprises in various regions to establish and improve the dynamic monitoring mechanism of local small and medium-sized enterprise industrial clusters, promote the sharing of advanced cultivation work experience by means of cluster diagnosis, preparation and release of case sets, guide the cluster to take less detours and find a way out, so as to provide support for the introduction of cluster support policies for precision drip irrigation.