60 Years Of Textile Machinery Industry

After 60 years of twists and turns, China's textile machinery industry has become a pillar industry with complete categories, meeting the needs of the industry, and having independent R & D capability. At the beginning of the founding of new China, the state adopted a series of policies and regulatory measures to support the steady development of the textile machinery industry. Through the development of the previous "Five Year Plan", China's textile machinery manufacturing industry never had the production capacity to develop the scale of multiple varieties, serialization and mass production. Today, China's textile machinery industry is making unremitting efforts to realize China's textile industry from big to strong.

Rapid rise of comprehensive layout

In the old China, although the textile machinery industry had been developing for about half a century, its development was very slow. Until the eve of liberation, we still had to focus on the repair business. Most of the machinery and equipment used in the textile industry were imported from abroad.

After the founding of new China, after the confiscation of bureaucratic capital enterprises and the transformation of Socialist Capital Enterprises and the construction of new enterprises, China's textile machinery industry developed rapidly. During the "15" period, the textile machinery industry of new China has already begun to take shape, and has realized the transformation from the repair to the manufacturing. During this period, through the confiscation of bureaucratic capital factories, Shanghai No. 1 and second machinery works, Qingdao first machinery factory and Tianjin first machinery factory were converted into state-run enterprises, and they also received the General Factory, branch factory and far east needle cloth factory of China Textile Machinery Limited by Share Ltd, and changed to public and private enterprises. At the same time, a large number of new enterprises, such as Jingwei Textile Machinery Factory, Zhengzhou textile machinery factory and Shenyang textile machinery factory, were built, and the manufacturing force of Chinese textile machinery was strengthened.

In order to improve people's lives and enrich the market supply, the Ministry of textile industry has organized scientific research and machinery manufacturing forces since the second half of 1960 to actively carry out resources inspection, technical research and equipment trial production of chemical fiber industry. On the basis of summarizing the experience of introducing Baoding chemical fiber factory and absorbing foreign technology, we have designed and manufactured complete sets of viscose fiber equipment based on our own strength, equipped with a batch of medium scale viscose fiber factories in Nanjing, Xinxiang, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jilin. In just a few years, the production of viscose rayon and cotton and wool viscose staple fibers has begun to take shape. By 1965, the output of viscose fiber in China has reached 44900 tons, which has made a good start for the development of China's chemical fiber industry.

In the middle of 1960s, along with China's economic development on the right track, the scientific research and technological innovation of China's textile industry were flourishing, and significant progress and breakthroughs were made in many aspects. In May 1966, the Ministry of textile industry held the national textile industry technology innovation achievements exhibition in Shanghai. It collected more than 10 thousand innovative projects, and exhibited more than 3000 items, of which 10% reached or approached the advanced level of the world at that time. Many achievements have been widely used in production in 1970s, and the research and technological level of textile industry has been improved. On the basis of rapid progress in textile science and technology, cotton textile and cotton dyeing and printing equipment have been improved systematically, and have reached the advanced level of the world.

However, in the 10 years of the "Cultural Revolution", the textile machinery industry has been seriously affected, and the output has declined. With regard to the manufacture of synthetic fiber equipment, the central leadership has successfully implemented the 4 large-scale chemical fiber projects in Shanghai, Tianjin, Liaoyang and Sichuan, and the total scale has reached about 400000 tons. Together with the original enterprises, the total scale of China's chemical fiber industry has reached an annual output of 650 thousand tons.

Take off in the course of reform and opening up

Since the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, the development of China's textile machinery industry has been accelerated, and all economic indicators have reached an unprecedented level. The output of textile machinery has greatly increased through the way of mining potential and expansion points, changing production and organizing professional collaboration through old enterprises. In 1982, the total annual output of 179 enterprises undertaking the national plan was 243 thousand and 900 tons, an increase of 72.8% over 1976. This period has seen another climax in the development history of China's textile machinery.

With the opening of the national door, we can see that China's textile machinery industry is relatively weak, and the rapid development of foreign textile machinery industry has left us far behind. Therefore, China has clearly put the overall rapid development plan of the textile industry in the formulation of the "75" national economic development plan. In the supporting plan formulated by the Ministry of textile industry, the technical transformation is included in the important chapter. 13 sets of equipment are proposed and developed. 8 sets of equipment are listed in the top priority and 181 single products are emphasized. Along with the effective implementation of this plan, some products have narrowed the gap with foreign equipment at the technical level.

During the "85" period, the Ministry of textile industry decided to focus on the technological progress and technological transformation of the textile industry. The first is to eliminate 1 million backward cotton ingots left behind before liberation, while the automatic winder, shuttleless loom, clean steel combine and new comber are the four most important ones to speed up the localization of new spinning machines.

In order to solve the shortage of funds and enhance the level of equipment in textile enterprises, during the "95" period, the state took more active financial measures, and offered hundreds of millions of yuan discount loans to help enterprises solve the shortage of funds caused by technology development and introduction, laying the foundation for the improvement of the overall level of the industry. Du Yuzhou, chairman of the China Textile Industry Association, pointed out that when the China Textile Industry Association focused on taking the new industrial road to grasp the key work of "ten new sets of projects leading the textile machinery industry upgrading", it pointed out that "ten sets of projects" guided the upgrading of the industrial technology and structural adjustment of the textile industry, and promoted the technological progress and product development of the textile machinery industry. In particular, the complete set of polyester staple, viscose complete sets, shuttleless looms and knitting machinery projects have begun to play a role in the industry and have achieved remarkable results, which has promoted the overall technological level of the textile industry.

Although the development of China's textile machinery industry has gone through an extraordinary journey, it has been proved by decades of practice that building a certain scale textile machinery manufacturing industry on its own and implementing its own equipment policy is basically a successful experience. It is in line with China's national conditions and has played a major role in accelerating the development of the textile industry. The textile machinery industry has basically guaranteed the needs of the development of the textile industry not only in terms of the quantity of equipment it provided, but also focused on the development of product varieties, forming a relatively complete series of products, which basically met the production needs of domestic enterprises, and played an important role in the development of production capacity and the improvement of technology level and the variety of textile products.

Making progress towards the world manufacturing center

Through decades of continuous efforts, with the breakthroughs in tackling key projects, scientific and technological achievements independently developed by textile machinery and equipment enterprises all over the country have come out one after another, and vigorously promoted the upgrading of China's textile industry's technological level.

The achievements made by the research and development of chemical fiber equipment have brought great benefits to the development of China's chemical fiber industry. Just 20 years ago, to build a chemical fiber enterprise with an annual production capacity of 10 thousand tons, it needed to invest 1 billion yuan. Now, 100 thousand tons of chemical fiber enterprises need to invest more than 100 million yuan RMB. In 1986, the 15 thousand tons of polyester staple fiber equipment developed by Zhengzhou textile machinery factory passed the national appraisal. Its significance lies in breaking the monopoly situation abroad. In the following years, Hongyuan Group developed high-speed elastic yarn machine, and Zheng textile machinery successfully developed the main equipment of wet spinning acrylic fiber and the first technical transformation project of wet and dry acrylic fiber plant in China. The automatic barrel changing winding head developed by China Textile Academy machinery factory and the annual production of 150 thousand tons of pulp and ester plant technology have made important contributions to the rapid development of China's chemical fiber industry.

While we admire the achievements of China's chemical fiber equipment, we are also amazed at the domestic cotton spinning equipment we saw at the China International Textile Machinery Exhibition. 20 years ago, cotton spinning equipment in China and abroad was still hard to compete, and high-grade equipment was mainly imported. At that time, the high-end sets of equipment - the blowing carding unit was basically a foreign capital world. At that time, the average price of imported equipment for 10 thousand ingot was 12 million yuan, and some even reached 15 million yuan. In order to reverse this situation, the state then supported the textile industry with great support in policy and capital and achieved fruitful results.

Gao Yong, vice president of China Textile Industry Association and President of China Textile machinery and equipment industry association, said that "11th Five-Year" is a critical period for textile industry to lay a strong position in textile power, and many indicators of textile power must be achieved through the application of advanced equipment. Therefore, during this critical period, we put forward 10 key projects after analyzing the actual needs of textile enterprises and the weaknesses of the domestic textile machinery industry. To complete all 10 projects, there are hundreds or even thousands of technologies and products that need to be tackled. At the end of "fifteen", the textile machinery industry has embarked on the development and production of 10 projects. Now, a number of products have achieved results, laying a good foundation for the complete 10 sets of projects during the "11th Five-Year" period.

Speaking of the position of China's textile machinery industry in the international market in the next five years, Gao Yong said that in recent 20 years, the production scale of China's textile machinery has been expanding continuously due to the demand of domestic and Asian markets. At the same time, world-renowned textile machinery enterprises are investing in factories in China. The scale of their production in China has reached 1/3 of the entire textile machinery output in China, and the enterprises investing in China are increasing. The equipment produced by foreign-funded enterprises is not only for the market of our country, but also exported to large numbers, or even sold back to the country of origin. This means that China will not only be the largest demand market for textile machinery, but also be the center of textile machinery manufacturing in Asia, and even the world textile machinery manufacturing center.